Turnover Intention Model: Self- Determination Theory Approach: Acces la Success

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the influence of mental workload and person-organization fit on turnover intention, using basic psychological needs frustration (BPNF) as the intervening variable in the hospital in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The sample of this study is vocational nurse in the hospital in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The sample is carried out through survey from 153 respondents, which is processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. This study finds that mental workload does not have direct influence on turnover intention, but it is mediated (full mediation) by need for competence frustration and need for relatedness frustration. Person-organization fit has a positive influence on need for autonomy frustration. However, person-organization fit does not have an influence on turnover intention, and basic psychological needs does not mediate the relationship of these variables. This study also found that the category of mental workload is quite low, person-organization fit is low, basic psychological needs frustration is quite low, and turnover intention is low. Nurse has the extrinsic motivation of identified regulation, thus hospital leaders should bring their motivation from identified regulation to intrinsic motivation, through internalization by establishing supportive work environment, namely Islamic spiritual workplace (ISW), with basic psychological needs supporting in each of its dimension. This study is expected to be a reference for practitioners in human resource management, especially regarding human resource retention function through the implementation of ISW. ISW contributes to lower mental workload, the increase of person-organization fit, establishment of basic psychological need satisfaction, as well as the decrease of basic psychological needs frustration and turnover intention.

A breath of fresh air

Submission content Introduction: This is a story about the day I wheeled a patient outside. I know, it sounds somewhat underwhelming. But little did I know that this short trip down a hospital corridor and beyond the entrance foyer would mark a profound shift in perspective both for me and my patient, which I hope will influence me for the rest of my career. Main Body: "Paul" was in his 50s and severely afflicted by COVID-19, resulting in a protracted ICU admission with a slow and arduous ventilator wean. Throughout his time on the unit, Paul had seen no daylight;no view of the outside world. He was struggling to make progress and was becoming exasperated. His deteriorating mood in turn affected his sleep, which further undermined his progress. Due to COVID-19, visiting was not permitted and Paul's cuffed tracheostomy meant that he couldn't speak to his family. One day, witnessing Paul's psychological decline, I asked him if he fancied a trip outside. Despite initial reluctance, he eventually gave in to some gentle persuasion from the staff nurse, with whom he had developed a close bond. So there we went;Paul, his nurse and me. And as we wheeled his bed through the door into open air, Paul's whole demeanour suddenly changed. He appeared as though the weight of the world had been lifted from his shoulders and his face lit up with awe, a tear emerging in the corner of his eye. In that moment he rediscovered life. Not as a hospital patient, but as a person. Watching the world go by, he remembered what it was like to be a member of the human race, not the subject of endless tests and treatments. He tasted freedom. Conclusion(s): Awakened by his experience of the forgotten outside world, when we eventually returned to the ICU Paul was an entirely different man. To Paul, the trip outside symbolised progress. After weeks of frustration and despair, he finally had a purpose;a motivation to get better. Meanwhile, I was having my own quiet realisation. I now understood what it truly meant to deliver holistic care. It can become all too easy to focus on the clinical aspects;to obsess about the numbers. But in fact, often what matter most to patients are the 'little things', to which no amount of medication is the solution. I now try to consider during my daily review: what matters to this patient? How are they feeling? What are they thinking? What else can I do to help their psychological recovery? And as for me personally? Having witnessed Paul's reaction to the outside world, I suddenly became aware of how little attention I normally pay to the world around me. How little I appreciate the simple ability to walk outside, and the fundamental things we take for granted. Now, when I'm feeling annoyed or frustrated about something trivial, I stop and think of Paul. I then thank my lucky stars for what I have to be grateful for. Ultrasound Ninja.

Fear of making a mistake-Largest cause of stress for staff in COVID-19 ICU's

Background: Work stress among healthcare staff has been identified as an extensive problem already before the pandemic. To be able to treat the surge of COVID-19 patients in need of intensive care COVID-19 ICUs were swiftly set up and staffed. The aim of this study was to investigate what staff perceived as most stressful. Material(s) and Method(s): During spring 2020 up to 270 COVID-19 patients were simultaneously treated in ICU's in the greater Stockholm and Sormland regions, upholding 100 ICU beds pre-pandemic.1 Staff reactions to work in a COVID-19 ICU was collected in a survey. Nine causes for stress were scored on a five graded likert like scale from does not agree to fully agrees. 612 nurses and physicians, both regular ICU staff and newcomers, working in ICU's in 2 larger and 3 smaller hospitals responded, (response rate approx. 35%). Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling to calculate loading of each factor. Result(s): The highest scoring cause of stress was "making a mistake". "Getting infected" got the lowest score among the 9 predefined causes. Conclusion(s): Clinicians working in COVID-19 ICUs were generally confident not to get infected at work. Commitment to maintain patient safety and frustration not to live up to standards of care in this strained situation was reflected in "making a mistake" and "relatives cannot visit" scoring as the number one and three out of the nine causes of stress. Increased knowledge about work-related stressors is crucial, in order to prevent detrimental impacts of such stressors.

"working in the dark but expected to be an expert": Reflecting on critical care preparations for COVID-19

Introduction: Before spring 2020, many healthcare organisations did not possess detailed plans for the expansion and delivery of critical care during a pandemic. Furthermore, there was little directly-relevant individual or institutional experience to draw upon. Local, national and international guidance was drawn up rapidly and subject to frequent revision.1 Reflecting on these challenges, we designed a study to explore critical care and anaesthetic doctors' experiences of preparation for the provision of critical care services in the first wave of COVID-19. Objective(s): 1. To establish what factors facilitated and hindered the expansion and delivery of critical care services. 2. To identify important learning points for the provision of critical care during future pandemics. Method(s): We conducted semi-structured interviews with medical staff from the anaesthesia and critical care departments of our hospital, a tertiary centre with general and cardiothoracic intensive care units, including an ECMO service. We classified participants into two groups;1. Decision makers - individuals instrumental in shaping the critical care response, e.g., clinical directors and college tutors. 2. Staff members - clinicians working within the departments, including consultants and trainees. Thirteen interviews were conducted with 15 participants: eight decision makers and seven staff members. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and anonymised. We manually coded transcripts, and carried out an inductive thematic analysis.2 Results: Eight themes were generated from our analysis: * Problem solving with simulation: simulation exercises allowed experienced clinicians to troubleshoot practical issues and helped staff to prepare for unfamiliar tasks. * A sense of togetherness: staff reported that the "all hands-on deck" ethos was protective against fatigue, although this was short-lived. * Delayed and changing guidance: frequent guideline changes created confusion and anxiety. * Leading from the front: leaders with a clinical role were perceived more positively than those operating at a distance from the "shop-floor". * Coordination, collaboration and compromise: departments that accommodated each other's needs fostered productive inter-departmental relationships. * Insecure supply chains: staff took their own measures to ensure PPE availability, including acquisition of items outside NHS supply chains. * Constant communication: rapid methods of personal communication, e.g., WhatsApp were effective, although "WhatsApp fatigue" was endemic. * Balancing skill mix and fatigue: flux in workload required dynamic staff allocation. Underutilised staff groups created frustration and low morale in overworked colleagues. Conclusion(s): The threat to health and society from pandemic events is expected to increase over time.3 We should take this opportunity to gather experiences from those involved in the COVID-19 pandemic to guide future preparations. In early 2020, decision makes in local hospitals were operating with unclear guidance from external agencies. Our data, obtained in the summer of 2021 demonstrates that individual and departmental reflections had already resulted in processes being refined in later waves of COVID-19. Whilst the exact nature of future pandemics will vary, some elements of preparation will remain consistent. We recommend that plans for pandemic management should aim to reduce workload and target the most effective interventions, including by addressing the themes outlined above.

Frustration v Imprévision, Why Frustration is so 'Frustrating': The Lack of Flexibility in the English Doctrine's Legal Consequence.

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic restrictions have placed many contractual parties under great strain to honour their agreements as contracts have become commercially impracticable and excessively onerous. This article explores the legal position in England, France and the Middle East under the doctrine of impossibility, impracticability and unforeseen circumstances. Strongly rooted in contractual autonomy and commercial certainty, this article argues that frustration in English common law is not sufficiently broad because the consequence (automatic discharge) is too rigid and does not allow a renegotiation of obligations. French civil law is more accommodating but only formally adopted imprévision in civil law in 2016, meaning it lacks traction. However, Middle Eastern civil law countries accept the doctrine as an integral part of their law and theory of justice, allowing obligations to be rebalanced in a more flexible manner. The English legal system should consider the advantages of a similar reform.

Covid Shielding Stories: Co-Produced Research to Understand the Voice of People Living with Arthritis and Auto-Immune Disease

Background/Aims Up to one-third of people with rheumatological conditions were required to 'shield' from COVID-19. This co-produced, qualitative research aimed to understand experiences of the shielding process and the impact of shielding upon people's lives. Methods Adults who shielded due to rheumatological disease participated in audio-recorded interviews and focus groups (FGs). Framework analysis combined inductive and deductive approaches. Creative materials were collected. Two patient contributors proposed the study, are co-investigators, and conducted the research alongside a clinical academic and four-member patient advisory group. COREQ and GRIPP2 guidelines were followed. Full ethical approval was granted by the University of Manchester Research Ethics Committee (2021- 11544-20348). Results Data were generated from 28 interview and 12 FG participants between October 2021-January 2022. 15 people contributed creative materials. Characteristics included 44/48 (85%) female, ages 18-75 years, non-white 10/48 (21%), all UK regions (Table 1). Corbin & Strauss's theory, 'Three lines of work: Managing chronic illness', frames the findings. Shielding increased and shifted the burden of 'illness work' onto patients, e.g., in gaining access to vaccines and navigating risks and uncertainties due to COVID-19. 'Life work' was increased as participants struggled to access food and medicines. Participants' self-identity was re-appraised in the context of their illness. Many feared for their lives because of their diagnosis for the first time, increasing 'biographical work'. Participants' perceived value to society changed over time: feeling equal to the general population at the first UK national lockdown;abandoned by society due to 'freedom day' and formal shielding's end. 'Emotional work' was added to 'Three lines of work'. Shielding notification induced fear, stress, devastation, shock and disbelief, balanced by a feeling of being protected. Emotions experienced include anxiety, guilt, anger and frustration. Mental health problems were experienced, often for the first time. Many continued to shield beyond formal shielding's end. Conclusion This co-produced, qualitative research highlights experiences and impact of shielding including increased illness, life, biographical and emotional work. Clearer, personalised information would help shielders to understand their risk and vaccine response, informing re-integration into society.

A Template for Video Telehealth Hand and Wrist Consultations during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Preliminary Analysis of Patient and Provider Reported Outcomes

Purpose of Study: COVID-19 introduced a rapid shift to video telehealth patient visits. At our institution in Loma Linda, California, less than 13% of hand surgery patients were seen in person at the height of the pandemic, with the majority of patients being triaged to video telehealth appointments. This was challenging for the hand surgeon due to the complexity of a hand patient's physical examination. During this time, it was critical to rapidly develop, test, and implement a tool to assist the surgeon in evaluating and triaging patients effectively over video. The purpose of this project was to develop and implement a tool that would improve the effectiveness and efficiency of video telehealth visits for hand and wrist patients. Methods Used: We developed an informational packet that was sent to patients prior to their video telehealth visit containing a letter of explanation, a new patient questionnaire, and a step-by-step guide with photos for a virtual hand examination. The letter explained the guide's purpose and provided additional instructions to ensure visit effectiveness- remove jewelry and watches, find a space with optimal lighting, wear a short sleeve shirt, etc. In the virtual hand examination guide, we explained common physical examination maneuvers and The Ten Test to assist with virtual sensation assessment. A short "how-to" description in lay terms was given for each of the physical examination maneuvers and included corresponding photographs to maximize patient comprehension. Patients were instructed to read the guide prior to their video visit and to have it available during the visit. Summary of Results: We began to implement this tool in our hand practice for new and established patients in March 2020, and we have since found that our virtual hand examination has become more thorough and efficient. Surgeon satisfaction with this tool has been high, and patients have reported satisfaction and comfort. Patients have felt that it increased their understanding of the virtual physical examination process, decreased frustration, and have stated that they would recommend this guide to other patients scheduled to undergo a video telehealth visit. Conclusion(s): The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid shift from in-person visits to video telehealth consultations. This subsequently changed the way in which hand surgeons could evaluate their patients. The procedural changes that were adopted during the pandemic can be viewed as a sign of things to come, and we anticipate that video telehealth visits will continue to be commonplace in the future. In the wake of this change, we feel confident that this tool equips the hand surgeon well for an effective and efficient virtual examination and ultimately contributes to patient satisfaction.

COVID-19 and tinnitus-a tertiary care Centre experience

Background: COVID-19 outbreak was declared a global pandemic in March 2020 by WHO. Due to person-to-person transmission of this infection, majority of countries of world introduced lockdown to ensure people stay at home. A complex bidirectional interaction exists between tinnitus and emotional distress, as they can exacerbate one another. Also, COVID-19 infection can cause damage to outer hair cells. The aim of this study is to find out relationship between COVID-19 and initiation or exacerbation of tinnitus. Method(s): The present retrospective study, after approval by Institutional Ethics Committee, was conducted in Department of ENT, GMC Jammu, from June 2020 to March 2021 on 90 patients with primary complaint of tinnitus. All 90 patients were asked to complete the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. Also, all patients were asked COVID-19-related questions (history of contracting virus/history of grief/anxiety/depression/stress/nervousness/financial status/ physical exercise/sleep routine/ social interactions). Result(s): Out of 90 patients, 72 patients (80%) had chronic longstanding tinnitus and 18 patients (20%) experienced tinnitus during pandemic. Out of 72 patients who gave history of longstanding tinnitus, 41 patients (56.9%) reported tinnitus to be stable during COVID-19 pandemic, 26 patients (36.1%) reported it to become more bothersome and 5 patients (6.9%) reported that tinnitus was improved. Out of 90 patients, 21 patients (23.3%) were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive. Of these 21 patients experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, 16 patients (76.2%) gave history of exacerbation of tinnitus, 4 patients (19%) gave history of tinnitus remaining stable and 1 patient (4.7%) said that tinnitus was improved. Out of 90 patients, history of negative psychological impact due to COVID-19 restrictions was seen in 65 patients (72.2%). Conclusion(s): With our study, we concluded that ENT specialists should be fully aware that not only pre-existing tinnitus may be exaggerated due to COVID-19 infection, but also, there can be development of new-onset tinnitus due to COVID-19 infection and the negative psychological impact due to COVID-19 pandemic.Copyright © 2022, The Author(s).

Formation of a virtual cystic fibrosis support group: Connecting with Other Parents' Experiences

Background: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, families at a large pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) center expressed interest in participating in support groups through informal oral feedback during CF clinic visits. Many barriers existed related to CF guidelines restricting in-person contact, traveling to the hospital to attend, feasibility of attending groups regularly, and lack of technology. The COVID-19 pandemic drastically improved the availability of telecommunication, which expanded options for support. This project involved development and implementation of a formal virtual support group for caregivers of children recently diagnosed with CF. Method(s): The psychosocial team (2 licensed clinical social workers, 2 psychologists,1psychology trainee)developedacurriculumwiththemesand discussion topics for each session that included processing and sharing diagnosis story, mobilizing support, treatment fears and frustrations, and celebrating milestones and successes. Eligible group members were caregivers of babies diagnosed with CF who were in their first year of life. All eligible caregivers were emailed to assess interest and collect feedback that was used to inform implementation of the group. A total of 12 families were eligible for the first round of Connecting with Other Parents' Experiences (COPE) group sessions and 14 families for the second round. The first cohort met biweekly in for six 90-minute sessions. After the initial group, adjustments were made based on feedback and participation. The second cohort met weekly for four 1-hour sessions. All participants were scheduled onthelicensedclinicalsocialworkers orpsychologyscheduleandjoinedeach session via the institution's HIPPA-secure virtual platform(Vidyo). Result(s): The first COPE group sessions were held from July to September 2020. Sixty-seven percent of eligible families expressed interest in participating (n = 8). Fifty percent of families who expressed interest in the group attended at least one session (n = 4). Each group session ranged from one to four families. The second COPE group sessions were held in October 2021. Sixty-four percent of eligible families expressed interest in participating (n = 9). Forty-four percent of families who expressed interest in the group attended at least one session (n = 4). Anecdotal evidence from the parent support groups has been overwhelmingly positive. Parents reported appreciating the social support and have begun to connect with each other outside of the group for ongoing support. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 and the increase in telemedicine expanded our ability to provide support to caregivers in away that had not been feasible previously. Caregivers were engaged and reported experiencing less isolation and normalization of emotions and challenges related to having a baby with CF. Several barriers to offering support groups exist, such as determining times that work for most families and interest in regular participationCopyright © 2022, European Cystic Fibrosis Society. All rights reserved

Burn or Balm?: Exploring University Students' Experiences With Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The impact on perceived burnout experiences among university students from the intensification of social media use during the earliest phase of the COVID-19 pandemic is not yet fully understood. In total, 516 university students (430 females) in a midsized city in Ontario, Canada completed one online survey that explored student characteristics (i.e., personality, life satisfaction, perceived stress, and basic psychological needs) as well as frequency and perceived purpose of social media use. Approximately 80% indicated an increase in their social media use with iMessage/Text messaging, Instagram, and Snapchat being the three most frequently accessed platforms. Social media use was associated with higher levels of perceived stress, extraversion, satisfaction and frustration of psychological relatedness needs, and frustration of competence need. Most students (87%) reported experiencing burnout. Greater burnout was associated with individuals who reported higher perceived stress, scored high in extroversion, and greater use of Instagram. Overall, intensified social media use during the pandemic yielded both positive and negative outcomes.

Go, go . You'll be happier. Psychological variables among cyclists during COVID-19 lockdowns.

COVID-19 lockdowns involved radical changes in the habits and lifestyles of many. Notably, athletes saw their training routines altered. The relationship between lockdown effects and psychological variables was analysed using a sample comprising 1032 cyclists (average age: 42.97 years, s.d. = 8.94), taking part in the first cycling competition after lockdown. The target variables included psychological variables such as frustration tolerance, subjective vitality, autonomy self-determination, and affective status, as well as sociodemographic and training habits-related variables. The results showed that the constructs under analysis are related. Pre- and post-competition psychological variables were measured, and no significant differences were detected, except concerning subjective vitality. A regression analysis model was designed to analyse the impact of frustration tolerance, autonomy self-determination, and affective status on subjective vitality. The results reveal a lineal relationship (F = 71.789, p < .001) between subjective vitality and a set of independent variables: positive affects; health status; km of training per year; and frustration tolerance, which explain 46.7% of variance. Finally, since the variable that measures subjective vitality was shown to be significant, mediation analyses were undertaken to answer our hypothesis, following the results of the exploratory analysis. The results suggest that frustration tolerance has a direct effect on subjective vitality, and that this relationship is mediated by positive affects, health status, and km of training per year. It is concluded that exercising increases subjective vitality, which is affected by frustration tolerance, positive affects, health status and km of training per year. In addition, it can be argued that these three variables mediate the relationship between frustration tolerance and subjective vitality. Finally, it is worth stressing that, given the positive effects of exercise not only in physical health but also in psychological, social and personal wellbeing, self-determined attitudes in training should be encouraged, as this promotes self-efficacy and self-satisfaction, in both training and competition settings.

Assessment of mental workload and stress levels during the COVID19 outbreak among doctors catering to industrial workforce

Introduction: Health care providers are vital resources for every country. Their health and safety are crucial not only for continuous and safe patient care, but also for control of any outbreak. Mental workload is a broad multidimensional construct. It refers to a subjective experience of the costs incurred by a physician in performing patient. Mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, effort, performance and frustration levels are the important dimensions on workload. Recognizing the degree to which we are affected and making strategies to make life better is important. Objective(s): To assess the mental workload status of doctors who are catering to mainly industrial workforce and what is its dimension which is putting a toll on them and the degree of stress they are experiencing, and to correlate between workload and stress levels. Material(s) and Method(s): A cross sectional study was carried out in ESIC Medical College and Hospital, from September 1 to December 31 ,2020. Both online and offline survey questionnaires were used to collect the data from doctors working in ESIC hospital, which was started after clearance from IEC and consent from participants. Workload was assessed using NASA task load index which contains 6 dimensions. This was assessed using a scale graded from 0 to 10 and stress levels were assessed using perceived stress scale. Result(s): A total of 104 participants responded to the survey of which 40(38.5%) were female and 64(61.5%) were male. The proportion of participants with high mental demand were 68(65.4%), physical demand 44(42.3%), effort demand 74(71.2%), frustration 40(38.5%), performance demand 8(7.7%) and temporal demand 44(42.3%). The proportion of participants with higher levels of workload were 90(86.5%), among whom, females were 37.8 % and males were 62.2 %. The perceived stress scale showed 2(1.9%) of participants were in low stress (score 0-13) And 80(76.9%) were in moderate stress (score 14-26) and 22(21.2%) were in high stress (score 27-40). Among participants with high stress levels 45.5 % were females and 54.5% were males. The calculated overall workload mean scores was 66.23+15.383 and perceived stress was 22.01+5.55 which is positively correlated and statistically significant. Conclusion(s): A considerate proportion of doctors' experience high workload and stress levels. Doctors being frontline workers are more vulnerable for mental health problems which are still underreported and is expected to be very considerate. There is a need to implant ways to decrease the stress levels of doctors and for better patient care.

Effect of COVID-19 on Working Women's Physical and Mental Health: A Descriptive Study of Pre and Post Pandemic Era

Background and Aim: In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic and a public health emergency of global significance. Recent studies have revealed that these restrictions and women's anxiety of the virus itself may have had an adverse effect on their mental health. Children and family members are spending more time at home;thus, society needs to be conscious of how this is affecting working women's emotional and physical health especially in the absence of any assisting maid. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown affected working women's physical and mental health. Material(s) and Method(s): To examine the effects of COVID-19 on the physical and emotional health of working women, a cross-sectional survey was conducted. Data is collected using an online survey platform. To investigate the impact of lockdown on the women's mental and physical health, a semi-structured questionnaire comprising a number of open-and closed-ended questions was prepared. Additionally, any mental health disorders and emotional difficulties that developed during lockdown or became worse were enlisted. Another goal was to gauge how much family members understood and were sympathetic to the physical and mental strain the working women were under. Result(s): The study involved 200 women from different states of India. The hours spent in the kitchen and other associated activities increased from 1.5 hours to 5.5 hours when the time between before and during the lockdown was compared. The amount of time spent engaging in physical activity, such as yoga and morning and evening walks, significantly decreased during the lockdown are coming to normal after the lockdown. 68 per cent of those surveyed said that women's behaviour had changed. About 58 per cent of the women suffered physical changes such fatigue, headaches, lower back discomfort, and other issues with women's weight gain. Conclusion(s): Additional research is required to better understand the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's mental health, particularly in regard to the identification of additional variables that may be connected to the pandemic's potentially multiplicative effects on women.Copyright © 2023, Institute of Medico-legal Publication. All rights reserved.

Love in the time of COVID-19: How couples stayed ‘at home' during the first lockdown in Italy

How did the initial COVID-19 lockdown affect family life in terms of household chores, childcare, finances, communication, sexuality and other spheres of a romantic relationship? How do these issues differ based on whether the couple is in a long-distance relationship, dating but not living together, or is married or cohabitating, with or without children? Drawing on a virtual ethnography of Italian social-media communities, sixteen follow-up online interviews with eight adult couples and a discussion of their ‘Corona diaries', this contribution extends a practice-based approach to focus on couples' experiences, feelings and coping strategies during the COVID-19 lockdown temporalities of Spring 2020 in Italy. Forced self-isolation eroded feelings of ontological safety, making especially non-cohabiting partners feel even more vulnerable to the stress of contagion risk and loneliness. This phenomenon in some cases even de-romanticized the relationship to avoid feeling the lack of the partner. On the contrary, cohabiting couples revealed a discomfort linked to ‘domestic gravity' and daily crowding, or the difficulty of safeguarding small moments of solitude. Conflicts were particularly exacerbated when partners had to reconcile agile work, childcare and domestic work. Working mothers with young children are among those most affected by the increased workload and resulting frustration.

Student well-being in times of covid-19 in the netherlands: Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration within the academic learning environment

The COVID-19 pandemic affected student well-being through measures such as closing educational institutions and social distancing, which forced universities to adapt the student learning environment. Previous research has demonstrated that the learning environment influences student well-being by satisfying their basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The present study therefore aimed to investigate, against the background of the pandemic, (1) how the basic psychological needs related to student well-being, (2) how students perceived interaction within the academic system, and (3) how they would like the "new educational normal" to look. To address these aims, we implemented a cross-sectional survey which included both quantitative measures and qualitative open-ended questions and distributed it at a Dutch university (n = 653). To identify the predictive strength of need satisfaction and frustration, we ran multiple regressions. We found that need satisfaction and frustration were significantly related to the well-being measures, of which relatedness was only weakly related to student well-being. Moreover, students reported restricted interactions with their teachers and fellow students, leading to feelings of disconnectedness, as well as struggles to establish or maintain relationships. In contrast with the quantitative findings, students highlighted relatedness as an essential, currently lacking part of their experience. They suggested a potential hybrid learning environment with a focus on social cohesion. This study emphasizes the relevance of interpersonal connections within higher education and provides practical ideas for post-pandemic academic structures. These insights can support systemic investments of universities in student well-being and creating a healthier learning environment for the future. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Contractual Performance Facing Covid-19: A Comparative Analysis

Covid-19 is a social disaster, an unforeseen and unavoidable event affecting most of the pre-existing contracts, which has occurred beyond the control of the parties. The drastic measures taken by governments to protect public health, emanated some radical changes in the circumstances on which most of the contracts were based. The impact of Covid-19 differs in various contracts. It adversely affects some of the contracts by preventing or impeding the disadvantaged party to perform, whereas in some other cases it causes a radical change in circumstances generating an excessive difficulty to the fulfillment of the contract, which renders performance unreasonable and the contract unfair. It is also possible that the contract might even not be affected by the pandemic. In short, it renders some contracts impossible and for some others, it makes them unreasonably difficult to perform. This article focuses on the agreements "infected” by the Covid-19 pandemic, by studying its legal implications. Within the framework of this article, the legal nature of the pandemic will be presented and its impact on the contracts will be discussed. The aim is to provide both academic analysis and an idea of the way civil law and common law systems are coping. © 2022 Istanbul University Press. All Rights Reserved.

A Qualitative Study exploring a Registered Nurse's perceptions and experiences of assessing stroke patients in the clinical area during the Covid 19 pandemic

Introduction: Stroke remains the largest cause of disability in the UK and skills assessment are a prerequisite for accurate diagnosis and treatment plans from healthcare professionals.The objectives of the study were to explore registered nurses' perceived barriers in relation to stroke assessment and finally to identify gaps from the research and enhance improvements for improving patients care. Method(s): An interpretive qualitative study utilising semi-structured interviews for data collection was the initial methodology.However, this methodology was disregarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The researcher opted to write a personal reflection from both a student and heath professional perspective, using both self-reflexivity and auto ethnography methodology (Hughes and Pennington,2017) and applying Clarke's 6 stages of the thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2012). Result(s): The interpretive self reflection study identified three main themes by the researcher. These themes focused on anger and frustration;responsibilities as a health professional and feelings of powerless as a female student. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 restrictions meant there were limitations using the original semi-structured interviews from Registered Nurses with different levels of experience.Further discussion needs to be around undertaking the original semi-structure interviews when the incidence Covid-19 wanes, to identify weather these themes are generic to the stroke environment or unique to the pandemic. Recommendations are to fully complete the study in the post-pandemic period to assess,analyse and develop a stroke programme to educate, support and nurture the knowledge and skills required to deliver stroke care in future .

Features of the Social Activity of Russian Youth in Conditions of Forced Social Restrictions

Objective. The study of the characteristics of the social activity of young people in conditions of restrictions associated with forced isolation, aimed at identifying the features of the manifestation of its compensatory forms due to social frustration. Background. The psychological aspects of the problem of social activity of an individual limited by new social norms and rules due to the spread of coronavirus infection require a more complete study. In this regard the question of the characteristics that determine the characteristics of youth activity in different spheres of life. Study design. The paper analyzes the specificity in the manifestation of social activity among Russian youth in connection with forced social restrictions. The dependence of various forms of social activity by its psychological characteristics. The hypothesis about the socially oriented orientation of youth activity in conditions of social isolation is tested. Participants. Representatives of Russian youth: 409 people (74% women, 26% men) from 17 to 30 years old (M=21.35;SD=3.78). Measurements. Questionnaire for the study of socio-demographic characteristics and the severity of various forms of social activity (R.M. Shamionov et al.);the methods "Personality activity in conditions of forced social restrictions” (N.V. Usova et al.). Results. In the conditions of forced social restrictions youth have increased family-household, civil, educational-developmental, Internet-network and Internet-search forms of activity, the severity of leisure and socio-economic activity decreases, and there are no changes in its other forms of manifestation. Leisure, civic, socio-economic and educational-developmental activity of young people is characterized by frustration at the consequences of forced social restrictions, the severity of compensatory forms and the activation of additional personal resources. Internet-network and Internet-search activity is aimed at social contacts and itself acts as a form of compensation for other types of activity during the period of self-isolation. Conclusions. Changes in the manifestation of the social activity of young people during the period of social isolation are diachronic in nature. The main characteristics reflecting the specificity of social activity in its various forms are established. The compensatory forms of social activity and the factors of its determination in conditions of forced social restrictions are revealed. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.